- Address size: IPv4 = 32 bits (4.3 billion addresses); IPv6 = 128 bits (340 undecillion addresses)
- Format: IPv4 = dotted decimal (
185.228.168.168); IPv6 = hexadecimal colon notation (2a0d:2a00:1::) - NAT: IPv4 relies heavily on NAT to share addresses; IPv6 gives every device a globally unique address
- Auto-configuration: IPv6 supports SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration), allowing devices to configure themselves without DHCP
- Security: IPv6 was designed with IPsec support built in, though it's optional in practice
Both protocols coexist today through dual-stack networks, where devices have both an IPv4 and IPv6 address. DNS filtering works identically across both.